Ernest Bai Koroma University of Science and Technology, Sierra Leone
* Corresponding author
Ernest Bai Koroma University of Science and Technology, Sierra Leone

Article Main Content

A review of food and water security in the context of sustainable development is the purpose of this study. Food and water security are complicated sustainable development challenges that are linked to both health and sustainable economic development through malnutrition. These are contained in the sustainable development SDGs such as 2 and 6 (Zero Hunger) (Sanitation and clean water). This paper is a review of food and water security that has to do with the conceptual issues, stylized facts on food and water security, food and water security nexus, factors militating against food security around the world, related empirical studies and way forward, Having pointed out some of the factors militating against food and water security such global warming/ climate change, disease outbreak and insecurity etc. strong conclusion and recommendation were made such as fight against insecurity and diseases outbreak, good sanitation and hygiene should also be promoted and sustained, good agricultural policy formation and implementation amongst other things will play out to promote food and water security, hence, to achieve sustainable economic development.

References

  1. Abate, T., Fisher, M., Abdoulaye, T., Kassie, G. T., Lunduka, R., Marenya, P., & Asnake, W., (2017). Characteristics of Maize Cultivars in Africa: How Modern are they and how many do Smallholder Farmers Grow? Agriculture & Food Security, 6(1), 30.
     Google Scholar
  2. Breisinger, T., van Rheenen, T., Ringler, C., Pratt, A. N., Minot, N., Aragon, C., Yu, B., et al. (2019). Food Security and Economic Development in the Middle East and North Africa: Current State and Future Perspectives. International Food Policy Research Insitute. Accessed from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254416793.
     Google Scholar
  3. Bleischwitz, R., Johnson, C. W., & Dozler, M. G. (2014). Re-Assessing resource dependency and criticality. Linking future food and water stress with global resource supply vulnerabilities for foresight analysis. European Journal of Futures Research, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40309-013-0034-1.
     Google Scholar
  4. Edward, B. (2015). The Concept of Sustainable Economic Development. Retrieved from www.researchgate.net/publication/231829502.
     Google Scholar
  5. Evans, M. (2011). Food and Water Security | The Earth Times | Encyclopaedia. Retrieved from: https://earthtimes.org/encyclopaedia/environmental-issues/food-water-security/.
     Google Scholar
  6. Frone, D. F., & Frone, S. (2015). The Importance of Water Security for Sustainable Development in the Romanian Agri-Food Sector. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 6, 674–681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaspro.2015.08.120.
     Google Scholar
  7. Gregory, P. J., Ingram, J. S. I., & Brklacich, M. (2005). Climate Change and Food Security. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 360(1463): 2139–2148. doi:10.1098/rstb.2005.1745.PMC1569578.PMID16433099.
     Google Scholar
  8. Ijuo, O. A. & Andohol, J. (2020). Agricultural Exports and Economic Growth in Selected West African Countries. World Academics Journal of Management, 8(1), 29-39.
     Google Scholar
  9. Iortyom, E. T. (2022). Assessment of the Implementation of World Bank Assisted Fadama III Project in Benue State: A Case Study of Makurdi Local Government Area. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing: Dodo Books Indian Ocean Ltd. and Omni Scriptum S.R.I. Publishing Group. Moldova, Europe.
     Google Scholar
  10. Iortyom, E. T., Mazinyo, S. P., & Nel, W. (2019). The Intervention of Rural Enterprise Development Hub Project on Maize Production in Mqanduli: The Implication on Food Security Status of Maize Farmers. Indonesian Journal of Geography, 51(2), 165-171. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijg.34644.
     Google Scholar
  11. Iortyom, E. T., Mazinyo, S. P., & Nel, W. (2018). Analysis of the Economic Impact of Rural Enterprise Development Hub Project on Maize Farmers in Manqduli, South Africa. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research by Agricultural Research Center, India. 52(3) 243 – 249. DOI: 10.18805/IJARe.A-319.
     Google Scholar
  12. Iortyom, E. T., Mazinyo, S. P., & Nel, W. (2021). The Impact of Rural Enterprise Development Hub (RED Hub) Project on Beneficiaries Maize Yield in Mqanduli, South Africa. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning. Academic Journals, 14(1), 10-18. DOI: 10.5897/JGRP2020.0808.
     Google Scholar
  13. Iortyom, E. T., Semaka, J. T., & Abawua, J. I. (2020). Spatial Expansion of Urban Activities and Agricultural Lands Encroachment in Makurdi Metropolis. European Journal of Environment and Earth, 1(6), 1-6. DOI: 10.24018/ejgeo.2020.1.6.89.
     Google Scholar
  14. Iortyom, E. T., Semaka, J. T., & Kargbo, P. (2022). The Effect of Urban Expansion on Peripheral Agricultural Lands in Makurdi City. European Journal of Development Studies, 2(4), 100-108. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24018/ejdevelop.2022.2.4.145.
     Google Scholar
  15. Iortyom, E. T., Iorsamber, M. M., & Adelabu, O. A. (2017). The Effect of Onset and Cessation of Raining Season on Crops Yield in Lafia. Journal of Human Ecology, 59(2–3), 117–122. https://doi.org/10.1080/09709274.2017.1379134.
     Google Scholar
  16. Jhingan, M. L. (2007). Macroeconomic Theory. Delhi: Vrinda Publications (P) Ltd.
     Google Scholar
  17. Nagamani, T. (2018). Concept of Food and Nutrition. Retrieved on 15/04/2021 from https://www.slideshare.net/NagamaniManjunath/basic-concepts-of-food-and-nutrition.
     Google Scholar
  18. Poppy, G. M., Chiotha, S., Eigenbrod, F., Harvey, C. A., Honzák, M., Hudson, M. D., & Villa, F. (2014). Food Security in a Perfect Storm: Using the Ecosystem Services Framework to Increase Understanding. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences, 369(1639), 20120288.
     Google Scholar
  19. Saina, C. K., Murgor, D. K., & Murgor, F. A. (2013). Climate Change and Food Security. InTech EBooks. https://doi.org/10.5772/55206.
     Google Scholar
  20. Tweeten, L. (1999). The Economics of Global Food Security. Review of Agricultural Economics, 21(2), 473–488. doi:10.2307/1349892.
     Google Scholar
  21. UN (2003). Trade Reforms and Food Security: Conceptualizing the Linkages.
     Google Scholar
  22. United Nations (2020). Food and Water Security, Retrieved on 14/05/2021 fromhttps://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/food-security.
     Google Scholar
  23. Vilakazi, N., Nyirenda, K. K., & Vellemu, E. (2019). Unlocking Water Issues Towards Food Security in Africa. IntechOpen EBooks. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86788.
     Google Scholar
  24. Wikipedia (2010). Sustainable Development. Retrieved from www.wikipedia.org/wiki/sustainable_Development.
     Google Scholar
  25. Wikipedia. (n.d.). Meaning of Water. Retrieved on 15/04/2021 from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water.
     Google Scholar
  26. World Food Summit (1996). Declaration of the World Food Summit on Food Security (PDF). Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
     Google Scholar


Most read articles by the same author(s)